References:

I]  Trace elements

IA] Trace elements in biological and human systems

	Emsley J. [The Elements], 2nd edition, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1993. Lists the biological role (now badly outdated) and
	abundance of each element in the Earth's crust, Atlantic and Pacific oceans, surface and deep, and the amount of every
	element in human muscle, bone and blood, plus average daily intake and total mass in average person. 

	Baumgartner TG. "Trace elements in clinical nutrition."
	Nutr Clin Pract - 1993 Dec;8(6):251-263. Although the nearly 20 essential trace elements in humans constitute a small
	fraction of total body weight (less than 4%), the effect of their presence on well-being is enormous.

	Shinohara A. Chiba M, Inaba Y. "Analysis of trace elements in biological materials by microwave induced plasma-mass
	spectrometry."  Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo,
	Japan. Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi - 1994 Dec;49(5):924-934. [Article in Japanese]. Analytical conditions have been
	established for determination of the amounts of 72 trace elements in biological materials by microwave induced plasma-
	mass spectrometry (MIP-MS).

	Shimbo S, Hayase A, Murakami M, Hatai I, Higashikawa K, Moon CS, Zhang ZW, Watanabe T, Iguchi H, Ikeda M.
	"Use of a food composition database to estimate daily dietary intake of nutrient or trace elements in Japan, with reference
	to its limitation."
 	Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyoto Women's University, Japan. Food Addit Contam - 1996 Oct;13(7):775-786.
	Daily dietary intake of 28 trace elements (Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ga, Ge, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sc,
	Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl, V and Zn) were estimated from the food intake records, taking advantage of recently published trace
	element composition tables for foods in Japan.

	Wada O, Yanagisawa H. "Trace elements and their physiological roles."
	Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo. Nippon Rinsho - 1996 Jan;54
	(1):5-11. [Article in Japanese].Of 95 [sic] naturally occurring elements of the periodic table, no less than 25 perform
	essential functions in the human body.

	Molin L, Wester PO. "The estimated daily loss of trace elements from normal skin by desquamation."
	Scand J Clin Lab Invest - 1976 Nov;36(7):679-682
	The content of 21 elements (As, Au, Br, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, La, Mo, P, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, W and Zn) in
	normal epidermis has been determined with the aid of neutron activation analysis. The dermal loss of these elements via
	desquamation [flaking off] has been calculated in view of its possible importance in balance studies. For some of the trace
	elements, however, the loss may be appreciable. The daily loss of Fe by desquamation may be as much as one fourth of	the daily urinary iron excretion.

	Subramanian KS, Meranger JC, Burnett RT. "Kidney and liver levels of some major, minor and trace elements in two 
	Ontario communities."
	Sci Total Environ - 1985 Apr;42(3):223-235. The contents of Ag, As, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo,
	Na, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Sr, Th, Ti and Zn in 143 autopsied liver and kidney specimens from two Ontario communities (Kingston
	and Ottawa) were determined.

	Parr RM, DeMaeyer EM, Iyengar VG, Byrne AR, Kirkbright GF, Schoch G, Niinisto L, Pineda O, Vis HL, Hofvander Y, et 	al. "Minor and trace elements in human milk from Guatemala, Hungary, Nigeria, Philippines, Sweden, and Zaire. Results
	from a WHO/IAEA joint project."  
	International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria. Biol Trace Elem Res - 1991 Apr;29(1):51-75. Concentrations of As,
	Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, Hg, I, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V, and Zn were determined in human
	whole milk samples from Guatemala, Hungary, Nigeria, Philippines, Sweden, and Zaire.

	 Minoia C, Sabbioni E, Apostoli P, Pietra R, Pozzoli L, Gallorini M, Nicolaou G, Alessio L, Capodaglio E.
	"Trace element reference values in tissues from inhabitants of the European community. I. A study of 46 elements in urine,	blood and serum of Italian subjects." Industrial Hygiene Laboratory, Fondazione Clinica Lavoro, Pavia, Italy. Sci Total
	Environ - 1990 Jun;95:89-105. The results allowed the proposal of reference values for various elements determined in more
	than 350 healthy subjects.

	Warren HV. "Geology, trace elements and health."
	Department of Geological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Soc Sci Med - 1989;29(8):923-926.
	The elements discussed are gold, platinum, copper, lead, zinc, aluminium, silica, mercury, cadmium, selenium, arsenic,
	and iodine. The diseases involved range from multiple sclerosis, various cancers, arthritis, goitre, Down's Syndrome, and
	mental retardation. Less well known are Keshan, Alzheimer's, Itai-Itai, and Minamata diseases.


Ib] Trace elements in arteriosclerosis

	Anke M. "Role of trace elements in the dynamics of arteriosclerosis."
	Z Gesamte Inn Med - 1986 Feb 15;41(4):105-111. [Article in German]. According to the present state of knowledge 7
	quantitative elements and possibly 18 trace elements are of vital importance for the animal. More than 30 elements
	(Cu, Zn, Mg, Mn, Cr, V and so on) shall be connected with the process of arteriosclerosis






Ic] Trace elements in hyperactivity

	Kozielec T, Starobrat-Hermelin B, Kotkowiak L. "Deficiency of certain trace elements in children with hyperactivity."
	Zakladu Medycyny Rodzinnej Pomorskiej Akademii Medycznej. Psychiatr Pol - 1994 May;28(3):345-353. [Article in Polish].	Our results show that it is necessary to supplement trace elements in children with hyperactivity.





	









B] Fish or fish oil and rheumatoid arthritis

C] Fish or fish oil and osteo arthritis

D] Fish or fish oil and arteriosclerosis

E] Fish or fish oil and systemic lupus