Book reference: Alverez, A. (1970). The savage god: A study of suicide. New York: ---------------------------------------------------------- "The quick and highly effective cure and prevention of many cancers, many incurable physiological, neurological, cardiovascular, chronic and auto-immune diseases, influenza and the common cold, by simple nutritional means." Since 7/8 of the 4 billion year long evolution of life occurred in the seas, and only 1/8 of it's span occurred on land, we have inherited an obligate dependence upon the complete range of the 72 natural trace elements, as found in the seas, in all of our daily food for our physical and mental health. However, our modern agriculture knows of and maintains only 8 trace elements in its soils, and hence, in practially all of our daily food. Due to this longstanding neglect, over 60 natural trace elements have become severely deficient or exhausted in all chemically farmed soils, and hence in our daily food. This massive trace element deficiency in our food is the direct cause of a great number of diseases such as, but not limited to breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, leukemia, lupus, MS, ALS, Alzheimer's, ADD, ADHAD, bi-polar and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, artherosclerosis, arthritis, edema, herpes, influenza, many allergies and birth defects. And just as effectively as iodine supplementation eliminates goitre and cretinism, restoring the 72 natural trace elements in all of our daily food cures and eliminates a wide range of diseases, as mentioned above - due to the over 60 trace elements involved, and due to the myriad crucially vital functions many trace elements (as Zinc does in the formation of transcription factors) perform in the normal function of our metabolism and immune systems. Today, the only readily available food in the industrialized nations which still contains the complete natural spectrum of the 72 nutritional trace elements is seafood, and a daily serving of seafood eliminates and prevents a wide range of diseases - as it does among the Japanese. These results can be obtained by anyone, any place, any time. However, the only valid long term solution is the restitution and maintenance of the 72 natural trace elements, which can be readily obtained from the sea, in all agricultural soils. The dramatically lower incidence of many cancers, neurological, cardiovascular and chronic diseases among over four billion people - among them the Japanese, Chinese, Singhalese, the people of India and of many other undeveloped nations - provides vast living proof. Among he latter, the major factor is the constant return of all life wastes to the soil - and with them the 72 trace elements - in a perpetual cycle from soil to produce to people, to soil. Peter H. Weis Author of "www.truehealth.org" [2489] - text and signature - 397 words [2793] - title and author - 442 words all in all ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [OBJECTIVE - METHOD - CONCLUSION] "The Quick and Supremely Effective Elimination and Prevention of Many Cancers, Many Incurable, Physiological, Neurological, Cardiovascular, Chronic and Auto-Immune Diseases, Influenza and the Common Cold, by Simple Nutritional Means." [OBJECTIVE] Like the elimination and prevention of Goitre and Cretinism by the simple addition of iodine to table salt, all of the above mentioned diseases - including but not limited to breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, leukemia, lupus, MS, ALS, Alzheimer's, ADD, ADHAD, bi-polar disorder, edema, diabetes, arthritis, herpes, influenza, the common cold and common allergies, as well as many of the increasing birth defects - can be eliminated swiftly and prevented entirely by the nutritional re-establishment and maintenance of the complete natural range of the 72 nutritional trace elements in our metabolic systems. [CAUSE] Our modern chemical agriculture recognizes and maintains only 5 trace elements in its soils, hence in all of its products, and hence, in almost all of our daily food. Three additional trace elements - cobalt in salt licks for cattle, sheep; selenium in fortified chicken feed; and iodine in table salt (for a total of 8 trace elements) - are added at other stages of our nutrition. However, due to Life's origin and long evolution in the seas of the Earth all of nature uses the complete natural range of the 72 trace elements in the metabolism and immune functions of all but the most primitive organisms. Due to the total neglect of about 64 natural nutritional trace elements by our modern chemical agriculture, coupled with modern methods of distribution and waste disposal, the over 60 neglected trace elements have become severely deficient or exhausted in all chemically farmed soils, and hence, in practically all of our daily food. This massive, large scale and wide-spread trace element deficiency in our daily food is the cause of a great number of diseases, including but not limited to many cancers, many physiological, neurological, cardiovascular diseases, most autoimmune and late-onset diseases, as well as many viral diseases, among them herpes, influenza and the common cold. [REMEDY] All of these, and many more diseases - most of them now considered 'incurable' - can be eliminated and prevented quickly (in 3 months) and effectively - just like goitre and cretinism by the addition of iodine to our daily nutrition - by the provision of the complete natural range of the 72 trace elements in our daily nutrition. A temporary, stop-gap solution is a dietary routine which includes one or more daily servings of seafood, the only readily available food which still contains the complete natural range of the 72 trace elements. The traditional Japanese diet which includes one or several daily servings of seafood, is a vivid illustration. So is the dramatically lower incidence of cancer, cardiovascular and neurological diseases among the Japanese - despite the similar, or even more severe industrial pollution of a highly industrialized and very small country. Other contries, among them China and Sri Lanka (and most likely India), have even dramatically lower incidences of cancer, cardiovascular and neurological diseases than Japan. In these countries the 72 natural trace elements in the daily food of these people comes chiefly from their still predominantly traditional agriculture which returns all life-wastes - and with them the 72 trace elements - to their soils, hence to all of their agricultural products, and hence again, to their daily food. This is also the reason for the dramatically lower incidence of cancer and many other 'incurable' diseases in the undeveloped countries. This, the re-establishment of the complete natural range of the 72 trace elements in all agricultural soils, is the only valid and long term solution of the severe and massive trace element deficiencies in our modern daily food. This solution also results in a robustly healty agriculture, and in a consequent great reduction of the need for agricultural poisons. This will result in another massive improvement of public and personal health. Further, a richly abundant, supremely healthy, totally poison-free, and much cheaper agriculture can be achieved with two additional natural means (a supremely effective bioligcal insect pest control, and mulching). This agriculture is not only permanently sustainable, but grows richer and more fertile season by season and year by year. While many would say that re-establishing the 72 trace elements in all agricultural soils is prohibitly expensive - since it includes very expensive elements like gold, silver, platinium, and so forth - this is not so. A fertilizer containing the complete range of the 72 natural trace elements can be very easily obtained by the evaporation of sea water, and the removal of the salt. And while this is a relatively expensive process as well, it yields three products which can be sold; the 72 trace element fertiliser, salt, and pure drinking water. With a concerted effort, such 72 trace elements fertilizer production facilities can be operational, and the fertilizer available to farmers within a year, and 72-trace element agricultural products can be available with the following harvests. Within the next three months then, there will a massive reduction of the diseases mentioned here, along with many other diseases. This process can be implemented tomorrow, if so desired, by a simple government mandate that all agricultural soils (like all natural soils) and products must contain the complete natural range of the 72 trace elements. Private industry and the farmers will do the rest. [CONSEQUENCES] The bio-medical community here has an immense opportunity for a massive reduction of the incidence of cancers and many other deadly and disabling diseases - as well as such nuisances as the flu and the common cold - followed by an equally massive reduction (at least 50%) in public and private health care costs and expenditures. And once the many diseases caused by trace elements deficiencies begin to disappear - like goitre and cretinism with iodine supplementation - this will leave the bio-medical community free to focus its attention upon the diseases caused by infection, pollution, genetic, and life-style factors. Meanwhile, we ourselves can eliminate all of the above mentioned diseases - plus many more - in short order by the simple inclusion of "something from the sea every day". Peter H. Weis Author of "www.truehealth.org" ------- REFERENCES: [Author's note: Due to the penchant of science to investigate one trace element in regard to one disease at one time, only a few of these papers deal with more than one trace element and one disease. Nevertheless, and despite this limitation, in aggregate all papers provide full and ample proof of the author's discovery]. [1] Emsley John, "The Elements", 2nd edition, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1993. Lists the abundance of each element in the Earth's crust, in seawater and in human muscle, bone and blood, as well as daily dietary intake. [2] Schroeder Henry A. MD, "The Trace Elements and Man", The Devin-Adair Company, Old Greenwich, Connecticut, USA, third printing 1978. A world renowned pioneer in the function of the trace elements in human metabolism. Lists and treats 13 trace elements as essential - including Nickel and Arsenic as (then) "potentially essential", and now fully recognized as essential. [3] "Zinc Fingers", D. Rhodes and A. Klug, Scientific American, February 1993. "They play a key part in regulating the activity of genes in many species, from yeasts to humans. Ten years ago, no one knew they existed." (a landmark article). [4] "Miracle Metal", (then) Dr. John McNeill, Dean of Pharmaceutical Studies at UBC, Equinox Magazine, article, July/August 1985 issue. The unexpected discovery that the trace element vanadium in drinking water completely cured diabetic rats of their disease. McNeill: "They were healthy in every respect". [5] "Bis(maltolato)oxyvanadium (IV) Is A Potent Insulin Mimic"; J. H. McNeill. Journal of Medical Chemistry; April 17. 1992: 1489 - 91. Abstract: Unlike insulin, vanadium also cures and prevents the eye and cardiovascular diseases associated with diabetes mellitus. [6] "Symptoms of Zinc Deficiency In Rats"; "The Neuropathology Of The Trace Elements", L. Drosti & R. Smith, The Human Press Inc. 1984. Lists curly tail; missing digits; hydrocephalus; exencephalus; anophthalmia; cleft plate; spinal curvature; clubbed foot; herniations; heart, lung and urogenital abnormalities. [7] "New Essential Trace Elements of The Life Sciences"; F.H. Nielsen; Journal of Biological Trace Element Research, July, 1990. Lists chromium, nickel, molybdenum, arsenic, selenium, vanadium. Abstract: "It is is likely that some of the trace elements are more important in human nutrition than is now generally acknowledged". [8] "Deliberations and evaluations of the approaches, endpoints and paradigms for dietary recommendations of the other trace elements." Uthus EO, Seaborn CD. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, ND 58202, USA. J Nutr - 1996 Sep;126(9 Suppl):2452S-2459S. Circumstantial evidence suggests that aluminum, arsenic, bromine, cadmium, germanium, lead, lithium, nickel, rubidium, silicon, tin and vanadium are essential for human nutrition. [9] "Nutritional Requirements For Boron, Silicon, Vanadium, Nickel and Arsenic"; F.H. Nielsen; FASED Journal, Sept. 1991. "The biochemical importance of the ultra trace elements in human nutrition." [10] "Clinical Implications Of Trace Elements In Endocrinology"; J. Neve; Journal of Biological Trace Element Research, Jan. - Mar. 1992. Lists iodine, zinc, selenium, copper, chromium, manganese and vanadium. (Zinc and copper were long known to be vital to plant health, but were considered unimportant in human health. Go figure). [11] "Long-term effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in active rheumatoid arthritis". Geusens P, Wouters C, Nijs J, Jiang Y, Dequeker J. Arthritis and Metabolic Bone Disease Research Unit, K. U. Leuven, U. Z. Pellenberg, Belgium. Arthritis Rheum 1994 Jun;37(6):824. CONCLUSION. Daily supplementation with 2.6 gm of omega 3 results in significant clinical benefit and may reduce the need for concomitant antirheumatic medication. [12] "N-3 Fatty Acid Supplements in Rheumatoid Arthritis". Kremer JM. Division of Rheumatology, Albany Medical College, New York 12208, USA. Am J Clin Nutr 2000 Jan;71(1 Suppl):349S-51S Ingestion of dietary supplements of n-3 fatty acids has been consistently shown to reduce both the number of tender joints on physical examination and the amount of morning stiffness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. [13] "Biochemical effects of a diet containing foods enriched with n-3 fatty acids". Mantzioris E, Cleland LG, Gibson RA, Neumann MA, Demasi M, James MJ. Rheumatology Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.Am J Clin Nutr 2000 Jul;72(1):42-8 A wide range of n-3-enriched foods could be developed to benefit persons with cardiovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis. [14] "Nutritional status of Danish patients with rheumatoid arthritis and effects of a diet adjusted in energy intake, fish content and antioxidants" Hansen G, Nielsen L, Kluger E, Thysen MH, Emmertsen H, Stengard-Pedersen K, Lund EC, Unger B, Andersen PW. Reumatologisk afdeling, Kong Christian X's Gigthospital, Grasten. Ugeskr Laeger 1998 May 18;160(21):3074. Article in Danish. In the remaining 81, those following the diet demonstrated a significant improvement in the duration of morning stiffness, the number of swollen joints, the pain status and a reduction in the cost of medicine. [15] "Diet and fatty acids: can fish substitute for fish oil?" Fahrer H, Hoeflin F, Lauterburg BH, Peheim E, Levy A, Vischer TL. Department of Rheumatology, University of Bern, Switzerland. Conclusion: 4 to 6 meals with fish per week without any other dietary changes can induce similar changes in lipids as a supplement of fish oil. [16] "Clinical applications of fish oils." Yetiv JZ. Department of Emergency Medicine, Sequoia Hospital, Redwood City, Calif. JAMA 1988 Aug 5;260(5):665-70 - Comment in: JAMA. 1989 Feb 3;261(5):698-9. Cardiovascular health may be improved because fish and fish oil supplements lower plasma lipid levels (especially triglycerides), inhibit platelet aggregation, and may decrease blood pressure and viscosity and increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Preliminary observations also suggest a potential future role for fish oils in the treatment of some autoimmune diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and *rheumatoid arthritis*. [17] "Decreased interleukin-1 beta levels in plasma from rheumatoid arthritis patients after dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids." Espersen GT, Grunnet N, Lervang HH, Nielsen GL, Thomsen BS, Faarvang KL, Dyerberg J, Ernst E. Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg Hospital, Denmark. Clin Rheumatol 1992 Sep;11(3):393-5. We conclude that dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids results in significantly reduced plasma IL-1 beta levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. [18] "Dietary n-3 fatty acids and therapy for rheumatoid arthritis." James MJ, Cleland LG. Rheumatology Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Australia.Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997 Oct;27(2):85-97. There is consistent evidence from double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials that dietary n-3 fats, supplied as fish oil, can have beneficial effects in RA. Arthritis Rheum 1995 Aug;38(8):1107-14. Patients taking dietary supplements of fish oil exhibit improvements in clinical parameters of disease activity from baseline. Some patients who take fish oil are able to discontinue NSAIDs without experiencing a disease flare. [19] "Efficacy of fish oil concentrate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis." Volker D, Fitzgerald P, Major G, Garg M. Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. J Rheumatol 2000 Oct;27(10):2343-6 - Comment in: J Rheumatol. 2000 Oct;27(10):2305-7. UI: 20488292. The findings suggest that fish oil supplementation that delivers (n-3) fatty acids at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight/day, with dietary (n-6) fatty acid intake more than 10 g/day in the background diet, results in substantial cellular incorporation of (n-3) fatty acids and improvements in clinical status in patients with RA. [20] "Effects of high-dose fish oil on rheumatoid arthritis after stopping nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Clinical and immune correlates." Kremer JM, Lawrence DA, Petrillo GF, Litts LL, Mullaly PM, Rynes RI, Stocker RP, Parhami N, Greenstein NS, Fuchs BR, et al. Division of Rheumatology, Albany Medical College A-100, NY 12208, USA. In the group taking fish oil, there were significant decreases from baseline in the mean number of tender joints, duration of morning stiffness, physician's and patient's evaluation of global arthritis activity, and physician's evaluation of pain (-0.38 +/- 0.12; P = 0.004). Das UN, "Beneficial effect of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus and its relationship to the cytokine network." Department of Medicine, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, India. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1994 Sep;51(3):207-13. These results suggest that n-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, are useful in the management of SLE and possibly, other similar collagen vascular diseases. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ FISH & FISH OIL ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE BMJ 2004;328 (3 January), doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7430.0-e Omega 3 fatty acids can protect against heart disease [ABSTRACT] Omega 3 fatty acids, which are found in fish and fish oils, can protect against coronary heart disease, but optimal intake is not firmly established. In a clinical review, Din et al (p 30) examine the evidence regarding the intake of fish oils and the risk of coronary disease. They outline the mechanisms through which fish oils might confer cardiac benefits (reduced arryhthmias, enhanced stability of atherosclerotic plaque, and reduced platelet aggregation) and consider recent guidelines for fish consumption. Currently the evidence is strongest for patients who had myocardial infarction. [ARTICLE INTRO BELOW] BMJ 2004;328:30-35 (3 January), doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7430.30 Omega 3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease-fishing for a natural treatment [INTRO] Jehangir N Din, research fellow1, David E Newby, reader1, Andrew D Flapan, consultant cardiologist2 1 Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, 2 Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA Omega 3 fatty acids from fish and fish oils can protect against coronary heart disease. Both health professionals and the public are increasingly interested in their role in the prevention and management of coronary heart disease. In this era of multiple pharmacological treatments for cardiovascular disease many believe that simple dietary interventions or nutritional supplements may be a more natural and acceptable method of providing benefits. Several areas of uncertainty remain. The optimal intake of omega 3 fatty acids is not firmly established, nor is their mechanism of action fully understood. Some studies have produced conflicting results, and concerns have been increasing about environmental contamination of certain fish. This article reviews the current evidence regarding fish oils and cardiovascular disease, their possible mechanism of action, and potential future developments and research strategies. We searched PubMed for relevant articles by using the key words "fish," "fish oils," "omega 3 fatty acids," and "cardiovascular disease." References identified in the search are on bmj.com FOLLOWING REFERENCES FROM THIS ARTICLE Dyerberg J, Bang HO, Hjorne N. Fatty acid composition of the plasma lipids in Greenland Eskimos. Am J Clin Nutr 1975;28: 958-66.[Abstract] Kris-Etherton PM, Taylor DS, Yu-Poth S, Huth P, Moriarty K, Fishell V, et al. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the food chain in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71(suppl): S179-88.[ISI][Medline] Kromhout D, Bosschieter EB, de Lezenne Coulander C. The inverse relation between fish consumption and 20-year mortality from coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 1985;312: 1205-9.[Abstract] Daviglus ML, Stamler J, Orencia AJ, Dyer AR, Liu K, Greenland P, et al. Fish consumption and the 30-year risk of fatal myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1997;336: 1046-53.[Abstract/Free Full Text] Hu FB, Bronner L, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Rexrode KM, Albert CM, et al. Fish and omega-3 fatty acid intake and risk of coronary heart disease in women. JAMA 2002;287: 1815-21.[Abstract/Free Full Text] Albert CM, Hennekens CH, O'Donnell CJ, Ajani UA, Carey VJ, Willett WC, et al. Fish consumption and risk of sudden cardiac death. JAMA 1998;279: 23-8.[Abstract/Free Full Text] Albert CM, Campos H, Stampfer MJ, Ridker PM, Manson JE, Willett WC, et al. Blood levels of long-chain n-3 fatty acids and the risk of sudden death. N Engl J Med 2002;346: 1113-8.[Abstract/Free Full Text] Ascherio A, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Giovannucci EL, Willett WC. Dietary intake of marine n-3 fatty acids, fish intake, and the risk of coronary disease among men. N Engl J Med 1995;332: 977-82.[Abstract/Free Full Text] Marckmann P, Gronbaek M. Fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality. A systematic review of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 1999;53: 585-90.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] Burr ML, Fehily AM, Gilbert JF, Rogers S, Holliday RM, Sweetnam PM, et al. Effects of changes in fat, fish, and fibre intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction: diet and reinfarction trial (DART). Lancet 1989;2: 757-61.[ISI][Medline] Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico. Lancet 1999;354: 447-55.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] Singh RB, Niaz MA, Sharma JP, Kumar R, Rastogi V, Moshiri M. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of fish oil and mustard oil in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction: the Indian experiment of infarct survival-4. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1997;11: 485-91.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] Nilsen DW, Albrektsen G, Landmark K, Moen S, Aarsland T, Woie L. Effects of a high-dose concentrate of n-3 fatty acids or corn oil introduced early after an acute myocardial infarction on serum triacylglycerol and HDL cholesterol. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74: 50-6.[Abstract/Free Full Text] Burr ML, Ashfield-Watt PA, Dunstan FD, Fehily AM, Breay P, Ashton T, et al. Lack of benefit of dietary advice to men with angina: results of a controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003;57: 193-200.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] Christensen JH, Gustenhoff P, Korup E, Aaroe J, Toft E, Moller J, et al. Effect of fish oil on heart rate variability in survivors of myocardial infarction: a double blind randomised controlled trial. BMJ 1996;312: 677-8.[Free Full Text] Leaf A, Kang JX, Xiao YF, Billman GE. Clinical prevention of sudden cardiac death by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and mechanism of prevention of arrhythmias by n-3 fish oils. Circulation 2003;107: 2646-52.[Free Full Text] Mori TA, Beilin LJ, Burke V, Morris J, Ritchie J. Interactions between dietary fat, fish, and fish oils and their effects on platelet function in men at risk of cardiovascular disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17: 279-86.[Abstract/Free Full Text] Kristensen SD, Iversen AM, Schmidt EB. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary thrombosis. Lipids 2001;36(suppl): S79-82.[ISI][Medline] Thies F, Garry JM, Yaqoob P, Rerkasem K, Williams J, Shearman CP, et al. Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with stability of atherosclerotic plaques: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003;361: 477-85.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] Heller A, Koch T, Schmeck J, van Ackern K. Lipid mediators in inflammatory disorders. Drugs 1998;55: 487-96[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] De Caterina R, Liao JK, Libby P. Fatty acid modulation of endothelial activation. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71(suppl): S213-223.[ISI][Medline] Geleijnse JM, Giltay EJ, Grobbee DE, Donders AR, Kok FJ. Blood pressure response to fish oil supplementation: metaregression analysis of randomized trials. J Hypertens 2002;20: 1493-9.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ for the Nutrition Committee. AHA scientific statement. Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2002;106: 2747-57.[Free Full Text] Guallar E, Sanz-Gallardo MI, van't Veer P, Bode P, Aro A, Gomez-Aracena J, et al. Mercury, fish oils, and the risk of myocardial infarction.. Heavy Metals and Myocardial Infarction Study Group. N Engl J Med 2002;347: 1747-54.[Abstract/Free Full Text] ~~~~~~~~~ [Author's note: Trace element analysis of human and animal tissue in the following papers range from 72 to the 8 long known trace elements maintained in our chemical agriculture, and faithfully reflect the state of knowledge regarding the trace elements in human nutrition]. "Development of a new series of agricultural/food reference materials for analytical quality control of elemental determinations." Ihnat M. Agriculture Canada, Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Ottawa, ON. J AOAC Int - 1994 Nov;77(6):1605-1627. Chemical analyses conducted in 73 cooperating laboratories applying 13 major classes of independently different analytical methods led to 278 concentration values for 34 nutritionally, toxicologically, and environmentally pertinent elements. Envelope-to: pweis@direct.ca To: pweis@direct.ca From: "Michel Lamure" Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2003 11:38:41 +0100 (CET) X-SA-Exim-Mail-From: yavennob@univ-lyon1.fr Subject: ICSSHC2004 - Call for papers X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 2.60 (1.212-2003-09-23-exp) on filter3.look.ca X-Spam-Level: * X-Spam-Status: No, hits=1.6 required=6.5 tests=DEAR_SOMETHING autolearn=no version=2.60 X-SA-Exim-Version: 3.0 (built Mon Jun 2 17:21:47 GMT 2003) X-SA-Exim-Scanned: Yes English text : see under Chère Madame, Cher Monsieur, L'Université de Genève organise, en collaboration avec l'Université de Lyon 1, la prochaine Conférence Internationale sur la Science des Systèmes en Santé. Traitant du thème "Les systèmes de santé: entre gestion publique et privée", elle se tiendra du 1er au 4 septembre 2004 à Genève. Vous trouverez sur le site de la conférence http://www.unige.ch/formcont/icsshc2004 des précisions sur les thématiques abordées. Nous souhaitons vous inviter à participer à ce colloque et à nous transmettre vos propositions de communication ou de poster d'ici au 15 mars 2004, ainsi que vos coordonnées complètes (voir appel à communications, rubrique Présentation du site). De même, nous réserverons le meilleur accueil à l'aide que vous pourrez nous apporter ou à vos suggestions pour diffuser au mieux dans votre région ou pays l'information relative à l'ICSSHC 2004. Dans l'attente d'une collaboration fructueuse, nous vous prions d'agréer, chère Madame, cher Monsieur, l'expression de nos sentiments distingués. Pour le Comité d'organisation Prof. Antoine Bailly ----------------------------------------- Dear Madam, Dear Sir, The University of Geneva is organizing the next International Conference on System Science in Health Care in collaboration with the University of Lyon 1. The Conference, to be held in Geneva, Switzerland, from 1 - 4 September 2004, will deal with "Health Care Systems: Public and Private Management". For more details about the topics to be discussed, please visit the conference website, http://www.unige.ch/formcont/icsshc2004 We are inviting you to participate, and to submit any proposal for paper or poster you may have before 15 March 2004 , indicating your personal data (see Call for papers, section Presentation on the website). Any assistance and suggestions from your part on how to disseminate the information on the conference more widely in your region or country will be most welcome. Looking forward to our fruitful cooperation, we remain Yours sincerely, For the Organization Committee Prof. Antoine Bailly -- ICSSHC 2004 Université de Genève Formation Continue 24, Général-Dufour CH - 1211 Genève 4 Tel. 0041 22 379 7835 / 7833 Fax 0041 22 379 7830 www.unige.ch/formcont/icsshc2004 ----- References: [i] Anderson, RA. Chromium, glucose intolerance and diabetes. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1998; 17: 548-555. [ii] Anderson RA, Chen N, Bryden NA, et al. Elevated intakes of supplemental chromium improve glucose and insulin variables in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, 1997;46:1786-1791 . [iii] Cheng N, Zhu X, Shi H, et al. Follow-up survey of people in China with type 2 diabetes mellitus consuming supplemental chromium. The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine, 1999; 12:55-60. [iv] Cefalu WT, Bell-Farrow AD, Stegner J, et al. Effect of chromium picolinate on insulin sensitivity in vivo. The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine, 1999; 12: 71-83. [v] Ravina A, Slezak L, Rubal A, et al. Clinical use of the trace element chromium (III) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine, 1995; 8: 183-190. [vi] Jovanovic-Petersen L, Gutierrez M, Peterson CM. Chromium supplementation for gestational diabetic women improves glucose tolerance and decreases hyperinsulinemia. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1995; 14: 530. [vii] Ravina A, Slezak L, Mirsky N, et al. Reversal of corticosteroid-induced diabetes mellitus with supplemental chromium. Diabetic Medicine; 1999; 16: 164-167. [viii] Anderson RA, Kozlovsky AS. Chromium intake, absorption and excretion of subjects consuming self-selected diets. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1985; 41: 1177-1183. [ix] Anderson RA, Bryden NA, Polansky MM. Dietary chromium intake. Freely chosen diets, institutional diet, and individual foods. Biological and Trace Element Research, 1992; 32: 117-121. [x] Anderson, 1998. -------- "There is no doubt that great revolutions of human scientific thought will occur in the next century, and in the century after that, and in thousands of centuries afterward. So which of our current pet scientific dogmas will be among the first washed away by new facts and sudden clarities?" --- Anonymous ---------