References - Abstracts of 50 Published Papers
(Articles 41 - 50 of 50)
Comments:
It is highly remarkable that the authors of article #43 have recognized 25 trace elements as "usually present in biological material" as early as 1977. It has now become incomprehensible that - 23 years later - our modern agriculture still only maintains a paltry 8 trace elements in its soils, and hence, in our daily food. Do the biomedical and agricultural sciences dwell on different planets, or what?
I believe that my discovery has now been substantially proven correct by this recent massive research effort in the biomedical sciences. I rest my case.
Addendum: Came across an article [#51] which had recognized 24 trace elements in human heart tissue in 1965 (!!!) This now puts today's agriculture 35 years behind the times.
All of the following references have been obtained from
| PubMedline |
the public archives of the National Library of Medicine
[41] Biol Trace Elem Res - 1997;59(1-3):63-74
Multi elemental analysis of human fetal tissues using inductively coupled plasma-mass
spectrometry.
Gelinas Y, Lafond J, Schmit JP
Departement de Chimie, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Canada.
Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to study the distribution of 26 major and trace elements in six tissues from 21 human fetuses aged 16-22 wk. Brain, lung, spleen, kidney, heart, and liver were analyzed following a microwave oven digestion step carried out according to clean techniques designed for ultratrace metal analyses. Precision and accuracy controls were conducted using standard reference material #1577b Bovine Liver. Significant differences among tissues were found for most of the elements. Essential trace elements seem to be increasingly retained as fetal tissues mature and become physiologically functional. The ranges of concentrations measured in fetal tissues at this stage of development are generally lower and much narrower than in adult tissues. The age of the fetus, which is not given in most studies, as well as the different
techniques and levels of quality assurance could be responsible for the discrepancies in the trace metal concentrations reported here and in the literature. Intratissue homogeneity was also assessed in five human fetal brains. Frontal, occipital, parietal and temporal lobes, striatum, hippocampus, and thalamus were isolated and analyzed separately. No significant differences were found in the distribution of any of the elements at this stage of development. Because of the relatively narrow ranges of concentrations found for most elements, we believe that the results presented in this study represent the inorganic fingerprint of the main tissues of normal fetuses at midpregnancy for the Greater Montreal area.
[42] J Trace Elem Med Biol - 1997 Nov;11(3):129-136
Determination of various nutrients and toxic elements in different Brazilian regional diets by neutron activation analysis.
Favaro DI, Hui ML, Cozzolino SM, Maihara VA, Armelin MJ, Vasconcellos MB, Yuyama LK,
Boaventura GT, Tramonte VL
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, Comissao Nacional de Energia
Nuclear/SP-CP 11049, CEP 05422-970, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
The concentration of 19 elements (As, Br, Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se and Zn) was evaluated in some diets taken from different regions of Brazil by Instrumental and Radiochemical Neutron Activation Analysis. Several populations with different socio-economic living conditions and inhabiting in different regions of Brazil were studied in order to estimate and to detect the variability of the mineral and toxic element content among Brazilian populational groups. The data obtained showed a significant difference between the contents of these elements in the diets from the regions studied. The general conclusions from the data obtained in this study were: 1) regarding the daily amounts of essential elements (Ca, Cl, Co, Fe, Mn, Na, K, Fe, Se and Zn), the Santa Catarina 2 diet showed the closest values when compared to the recommended values of RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) and/or WHO (World Health Organization). The Santa Catarina 1(low income groups) showed the lowest when compared to the same values. 2) The intake of toxic elements (As, Br, Cd, Hg, Sb) among the diets does not seem to be a major problem when compared to PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake, WHO), except for Hg intakes in regions near gold mining activities, like Manaus and Mato Grosso, where the values found were near the upper limit set by WHO.
[43] Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) - 1977 Jun;85(2):406-414
Trace elements in the human endometrium and decidua. A multielement analysis.
Hagenfeldt K, Landgren BM, Plantin LO, Diczfalusy E
By means of neutron activation analysis, 25 trace elements, which are usually present in biological material, were estimated in 31 specimens of human endometrial tissue obtained at various phases of the menstrual cycle and in 14 specimens of decidua from the 12th to 18th week of pregnancy. Among the 13 trace elements invariably found in all specimens, the levels of copper, potassium, rubidium, antimony and zinc were significantly higher and those of bromine, selenium and sodium significantly lower in the endometrium than in the decidua. No difference was found in the levels of gold, calcium, cobalt, cesium and iron. Among the 12 trace elements which were found only occasionally, chromium, mercury, silver, and cadmium were detected in approximately half and cerium and scandium in approximately one-fourth of the 45 samples studied. Arsenic, barium, lanthanum, molybdenum, samarium and strontium were detected only rarely. The cyclic variations in the endometrial levels of calcium, rubidium and copper were highly significant and those in the levels of gold, cesium, iron, potassium and zinc probably significant.
[44] Biol Trace Elem Res - 1991 Nov;31(2):159-170
Trace elements in human transitory milk. Variation caused by biological attributes of mother and infant.
Yoshinaga J, Li JZ, Suzuki T, Karita K, Abe M, Fujii H, Mishina J, Morita M
Department of Human Ecology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Multielement analysis was performed on human milk collected on 5-9-d postpartum from 51 Japanese females using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometry (MS), ICP atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and fluorometry. Thirty-one elements were detected by these analytical methods in milk. Twelve elements (Na, Mg, P, S, K, Ca, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr, Rb, and Mo) were detected in all of the samples. Al, Cs, and Ba were the elements detected by ICP-MS in more than half of the samples. Multiple regression analysis extracted biological attributes of mother and infant, such as maternal stature, maternal wt, or infant's birth wt, as statistically significant factors contributing to the variation in elemental concentration in milk. However, the rates of contribution were small in all cases. It was concluded that the biological attributes of mother and infant examined in this study were not the major factors that contribute to elemental variation in human milk.
[45] Sci Total Environ - 1984 Sep;38:125-131
Reference values for elemental concentrations in some human samples of clinical interest: a preliminary evaluation.
Iyengar GV
Abstract: Over 60 investigators, some of them with an outstanding international reputation as analysts, were requested to identify reliable data from their countries for elemental concentrations in normal adult human samples of clinical interest by contributing their own data as well as screening the literature information. A set of samples consisting of whole blood and its components, urine, milk, liver and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: Zn, Cu, Fe, Se, Mn, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Mo, Cr, Co, I, Ni and F. The results partly cover over 40 countries from the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South and Central America, Australia and New Zealand. This survey has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace element picture around the world, at least qualitatively. Both diet and environment have a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries revealed interesting associations for elements such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to supply a reasonable amount of data on samples requested here. In particular, for a number of countries, reliable data for even very essential elements such as Cu, Zn and Fe were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of several elements the time is ripe for international organizations to intervene and help produce some reference data for selected global regions which lack data of any kind.
[46] Appl Radiat Isot - 1997 Jan;48(1):97-101
Availability of essential trace elements in Ayurvedic Indian medicinal herbs
using instrumental neutron activation analysis.
Singh V, Garg AN
Department of Chemistry, Nagpur University, India.
Abstract: Specific parts of several plants (fruits, leaves, stem, bark, and roots) often used as medicines in the Indian Ayurvedic system have been analysed for 20 elements (As, Ba, Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Mo, Na, P, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sr and Zn) by employing instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The samples were irradiated with thermal neutrons in a nuclear reactor and the induced activity was counted using high resolution gamma ray spectrometry. Most of the medicinal herbs have been found to be rich in one or more of the elements under study.
[47] Sci Total Environ - 1995 Mar 15;164(2):89-98
Hair trace element analysis in human ecology studies.
Batzevich VA
Institute of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Russian Federation.
Abstract: Concentrations of Zn, Cu, Se, Mn, Hg, Fe, Cr, Co, Sb, Sc and Au were determined in hair samples of 17 ethnic and territorial groups from the former USSR. Hair samples (837 males, 965 females) were taken from individuals of non-industrial native populations of unpolluted areas. Geographical, geochemical, racial and nutritional aspects of inter-group variations of trace element concentrations are discussed. The significance of hair analysis as a biological indicator of abnormal intake of trace elements in man is confirmed. Geographical variations of hair trace element concentrations, on the whole, depend on geochemical conditions or nutritional factors. The concentration of elements in hair is highly variable because of local factors, which makes racial or ethnic identification impossible for trace element analysis.
[48] Biol Trace Elem Res - 1997;59(1-3):75-86
Trace element contents in hair of residents from Harbin (China), Medan (Indonesia), and Tokushima (Japan).
Feng Q, Suzuki Y, Hisashige A
Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Japan.
Abstract: The concentrations of 19 trace element in hair samples from 1273 residents of Harbin (China), Medan (Indonesia), and Tokushima (Japan) were measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. The mean concentrations of Ba, Ca, and Se were significantly higher in the Harbin hair samples when compared to those from Medan, but Al, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, Pb, Ti, Zn, and K were significantly higher in Medan than in Harbin hair samples. The differences in the mean concentrations of As, Cr, Mg, P, Sn, and Sr between the Medan and Harbin lots were not significant. In the Tokushima hair samples, Na and K were significantly higher, but As, B, Ba, Ca, Cr, Mg, Mn, Pb, Sn, Sr, and Se were significantly lower than in the Harbin hair samples. The differences in the mean concentrations of Al, Cu, Fe, P, Ti, and Zn between Harbin and Tokushima were not significant. In the Medan hair samples, Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, Sn, Sr, Ti, and Zn were significantly higher, but P and Se were significantly lower than in Tokushima hair samples. Differences in mean concentrations of Na and K between Tokushima and Medan were not significant.
[49] J Nutr - 1998 May;128(5):855-859
Iron nutritional status is improved in Brazilian preterm infants fed food cooked in iron pots.
Borigato EV, Martinez FE
Hospital for Medicine of the Locomotor System-SARAH, Brasilia, 70330-150, DF, Brazil.
To determine the efficacy of cooking food in iron pots to prevent anemia in premature infants, a longitudinal study on iron nutritional status was conducted in preterm, healthy infants from families of low socioeconomic level between mo 4 and 12 of life. The infants were divided randomly into two groups. The study group consisted of 22 infants whose food was cooked in iron pots; the control group consisted of 23 infants whose food was cooked in aluminum pots. Supplemental iron [2 mg/(kg.d)] was recommended from 15 d to 12 mo of age for both groups. At 12 mo of age, the group fed food cooked in iron pots had significantly better hematologic values than the group fed food cooked in aluminum pots. Differences included hemoglobin (116 +/- 16 vs. 103 +/- 20 g/L, P = 0.02), hematocrit (0.35 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.31 +/- 0.05, P = 0.005), mean corpuscular volume (72.1 +/- 10.4 vs. 62.7 +/- 11.1 fL, P = 0.005), free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (0.78 +/- 0.60 vs. 1.46 +/- 0.94 mol/L, P = 0.006) and serum ferritin (median 5 vs. 0 g/L, P = 0.001). No significant differences between groups were observed in serum iron concentration, total iron-binding capacity or transferrin saturation. Iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin l/= 110 g/L) was observed in 36.4% (8 of 22) of infants in the group fed food cooked in iron pots and in 73.9% (17 of 23) of the infants fed food cooked in aluminum pots (P = 0.03). These results indicate that the iron added to food cooked in iron pots is bioavailable. However, this increased iron availability was insufficient to satisfy the high iron requirements of this group of preterm infants.
[50] Sci Total Environ - 1998 Jan 8;209(1):59-68
Contents and relationship of elements in human hair for a non-industrialised population in Poland.
Nowak B
Department of Toxicology, Silesian University of Medicine, Sosnowiec, Poland.
Abstract: The concentrations of 11 elements: Pb, Mn, Fe, Cd, Cu, Ni, Cr, Zn, Na, K and Ca in hair were determined by AAS. Hair samples (n = 266) were collected between 1990 and 1994 from inhabitants of the Silesian Beskid in the south of Poland (non-industrialised region). The effects of age (1-30 years old, 31-80 years old), sex (male, female) and colour of hair on the heavy metal levels were determined. Using statistical methods of cluster analysis, multiple regression analysis and factor analysis we obtained information concerning relations among metals in the hair. The strongest relations between metals in the hair are as follows: Fe-Mn, Cr-K and Cd-Pb in the first cluster and Zn-Ni in the second cluster. For our population (n = 266, non-industrialised region in Poland) we obtained a factor loading > 0.7. Factor 1 was contributed by Na and K; Factor 2 by Pb, Cd, Mn and Fe; Factor 3 by Ca (a negative correlation); Factor 4 by Ni; Factor 5 by Cu; Factor 6 by Co, Cd and K; and Factor 7 by Cr, Pb, Mn, Fe and K. These seven factors explain 77.7% variance. We obtained linear multiple dependence (P 0.05) as follows: Mn = f (Cd, Fe, Ca); Na = f (Zn, K, -Ca); K = f (-Zn, Cr, Na); Pb = f (Cd, Zn, Cr, Fe); Zn = f (Ni, Na, -Cr, -K); Fe = f (Pb, Mn); Cr = f (Pb, K, -Zn); Co = f (Cd, Cr); and Ca = f (Mn, -Zn, -Na). These relations can be useful to explain relationships among the metals in man.
[51] Scand J Clin Lab Invest - 1965;17(4):357-370
Concentration of 24 trace elements in human heart tissue determined by neutron activation analysis.
Wester PO
No abstract available.
PMID: 5838273, UI: 66032459
Legend
Ac - Actinium; Ag - Silver; Al - Aluminium; Am - Americum; Ar - Argon; As - Arsenic; At - Astatine; Au - Gold; B - Boron; Ba - Barium; Be - Beryllium; Bi - Bismuth; Bk - Berkelium; Br - Bromine; Ca - Calcium; Cd - Cadmium; Ce - Cerium; Cf - Californium; Cl - Chlorine; Cm - Curium; Co - Cobalt; Cr - Chromium; Cs - Caesium; Cu - Copper;
Dy - Dysprosium; Er - Erbium; Eu - Europium; F - Fluorine; Fe - Iron; Fr - Francium; Ga - Gallium; Gd - Gadolinium; Ge - Germanium; Hf - Hafnium; Hg - Mercury; Ho - Holmium; I - Iodine; In - Indium; Ir - Iridium; K - Potassium; Kr - Krypton; La - Lathanum; Li - Lithium; Lu - Lutetium; Mg - Magnesium; Mn - Manganese; Mo - Molybdenum;
N - Nitrogen; Na - Sodium; Nb - Niobium; Nd - Neodymium; Ni - Nickle; Np - Neptunium; Os - Osmium; P - Phosphorus; Pa - Protactinium; Pb - Lead; Pd - Palladium; Pm - Promethium; Po - Polonium; Pr - Praseodymium; Pt - Platinium; Pu - Plutonium; Ra - Radium; Rb - Rubidium; Re - Rhenium; Rh - Rhodium; Rn - Radon; Ru - Ruthenium; S - Sulfur; Sb - Antimony; Sc - Scandium; Se - Selenium; Si - Silicon; Sm - Samarium; Sn - Tin; Sr - Strontium; Ta - Tantalum; Tb - Terbium; Te - Tellurium; Th - Thorium; Ti - Titanium; Tl - Thallium; Tm - Thulium; V - Vanadium; W - Tungsten; Y - Yttrium; Yb - Ytterbium; Zn - Zinc; Zr - Zirconium.
Abstracts
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